1&2 Introduction
Educational Objectives
3 The Boat
Terminology
Boat Types
Measuring Length
Hull designs
Types of hulls
Propulsion
Carbon Monoxide
Capacity Plate
Engine Systems
Checklist
Review Quiz - 3
4 Legal Requirements
Who May Operate
Registration and Numbering
Hull ID Number
Required Equipment
Personal Flotation Devices
Navigation Lights
Fire Extinguishers
Ventilation
Backfire Flame Arrestor
Sound Producing Device
Visual Distress Signals
Pollution Regulations
MSDs
No Discharge Zones
Aquatic Nuisance Species
Recommended Equipment
Review Quiz- 4
5 Preparation
Vessel Check List
Trailering
Environmental Conditions
Leeway
Tide and Current
Local Hazards
Float Plan
Preventive Maintenance
Fueling
Review Quiz-5
6 Operations
Operator responsibility
Homeland Security
BUI
Navigation Rules
Definitions
Proper Lookout
Seamanship
Sound Signals
Rules of the Road
Meeting & Crossing
Commercial Vessels
Restricted Visibility
Aids to Navigation
Review Quiz-6
7 Getting Underway
Line Handling
Docking/Undocking
Maneuvering Underway
Anchoring
Water Sports
Hunting and Fishing
Swimming
Diving and Snorkling
Paddle Sports
Skiing and Towing
Personal Watercraft
Review Quiz-7
8 Accidents
Fatal Vs Non-fatal
Accident Reports
Crew Overboard
Assistance from Shore
Hypothermia
Fires on Board
First Aid
Rendering Assistance
Running Aground
Review Quiz-8
9 Special Items
Vessel Repairs
Locks
Dams
Security
Sailing
Review Quiz-9
State Requirements
Final Exam

Chapter VIII - AccidentsSection 8 - Rendering Assistance

Running Aground

One good reason to carry and use local charts is to avoid running aground, which can cause injury to passengers as well as damage to your boat. Not all shallow areas or submerged hazards are marked by a danger buoy.

Should you run aground in an inboard/outboard vessel you should stop the engine, lift the outdrive and shift the weight away from the impact point.

Your first duty should be to assess the situation:

• Check the people onboard to make sure no one is injured.
• Assess what damage that might have occurred.
• Is the boat taking on water? If so find the source of the leak.
• Set a kedge anchor to keep yourself from being pushed further aground. This also may be used later to pull you off. *
• Use a lead line or boat hook to check the water depth around you.
• Check your chart for bottom characteristics.
• Check the tide tables and determine the next high tide.

  *A kedge anchor can be your working anchor. If you have a dinghy you can put the anchor in and row or motor off the stern and set it in deeper water. If you don't have a dinghy you may be able to walk or swim it out. Use two or more PFDs or throwables to float the anchor on while you walk or swim it out. Make sure the anchor line pays out smoothly. Be sure that you wear a PFD and have a line tied to you and the boat in case you get too exhausted to swim back.

If you were moving slowly when you grounded and hull damage looks to be minimal, you may be able to simply back off by shifting the weight farthest from the point of impact and using an oar or boat hook to push off.

As you start to move be sure to check once again to make sure you are not taking on water from a hole caused by the grounding.

If backing off is not a viable option or if it doesn't work you could consider using a kedge anchor to kedge off. You do this by pulling or winching in on the anchor line attached to the kedge anchor you set as outlined above.

Should your hull be severely damaged stay put and call or signal for help from another vessell or commercial marine towing company. You are not going to sink if you can step off the boat onto terra firma.

Your final option short of waiting for the tide to come in is arranging a tow. You should consider carefully whether to accept a tow from another boater who is inexperienced. Towing can be hazardous and can cause bodily harm and damage to one or both boats unless someone in the party is aware of the precautions that must be taken. If this is the case, call a commercial towing company. Do not call the US Coast Guard unless you are in imminent danger.

PWCs going aground create different problems. In most cases the operator can simply get off and push or pull the PWC into deep water, get onboard, connect the kill switch lanyard, and get back underway. You should not try using the engine to get off because of the possibility of introducing sand, mud or grass into the jet drive intake.

Be sure to immediately inspect the PWC hull both inside and out for cracks and leaks when you initially go aground. In addition, make sure that nothing has jarred loose and do the "sniff" test to be sure no gasoline leaks have developed.

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